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我們知道邏輯語義在句子改錯里是最重要的核心考點，也是貫穿整個GMAT考試的核心，在掌握其他考點的前提之下，一定要把邏輯語義融入到每一道題里去，不管是高分題還是低分題，一個句子要表達(dá)明確，是不是得有邏輯？ 

所以，養(yǎng)成一個結(jié)合考點和措辭看邏輯語義的好習(xí)慣，對我們做好SC事至關(guān)重要的，那現(xiàn)在我們就來看看申友GMAT的Verna老師為大家整理的5道邏輯語義題目的重點部分的講解，希望對大家有幫助。

一、The Achaemenid empire of Persia reached the Indus Valley in the fifth century B.C., bringing the Aramaic script with it, from which was derived both northern and southern Indian alphabets.     

(A) the Aramaic script with it, from which was derived both northern and

(B) the Aramaic script with it, and from which deriving both the northern and the

(C) with it the Aramaic script, from which derive both the northern and the

(D) with it the Aramaic script, from which derives both northern and

(E) with it the Aramaic script, and deriving from it both the northern and

講解：C

1、主干是empire reached the valley，bringing... (雖然這里bringing是倆逗號之間的插入語，但由于后面的from which介賓結(jié)構(gòu)是個修飾，所以句子主干其實還是svo，doing的形式)后面是伴隨狀語，來到山谷的同時帶來了一些手稿，但由于from which這個介詞+關(guān)系代詞構(gòu)成的介賓結(jié)構(gòu)，也就是介詞短語，就近修飾A,B里的it邏輯語義錯誤，所以應(yīng)該修飾前面的script；又因為from which介詞短語放句首倒裝，真正主語在后面，所以derive應(yīng)該是和后面的alphabets保持主謂一致。所以C沒問題。

2、D里derives和后面alphabets主謂不一致。E選項and前面沒有詞和deriving平行，不可能是和狀語的bringing平行，邏輯語義不對；也不可能和reached平行，語義也不對。最后一點錯誤是E項里的兩個it分別指代了不同的兩個東西，第一個it指代empire，第二個it指代script，所以同一個代詞分別指代不同東西，肯定會有歧義。

3、the script with it和with it the script都是正確的，只是在這道題里用with it the Aramaic script更優(yōu)。

二、More than 300 rivers drain into Siberia's Lake Baikal, which holds 20 percent of the world's fresh water, more than all the North American Great Lakes combined.  

(A) More than 300 rivers drain into Siberia's Lake Baikal, which holds 20 percent of the world's fresh water, more than all the North American Great Lakes combined.

(B) With 20 percent of the world's fresh water, that is more than all the North American Great Lakes combined, Siberia's Lake Baikal has more than 300 rivers that drain into it.

(C) Siberia's Lake Baikal, with more than 300 rivers draining into it, it holds more of the world's fresh water than all that of the North American Great Lakes combined, 20 percent.

(D) While more than 300 rivers drain into it, Siberia's Lake Baikal holds 20 percent of the world's fresh water, which is more than all the North American Great Lakes combined.

(E) More than all the North American Great Lakes combined, Siberia's Lake Baikal, with more than 300 rivers draining into it, holds 20 percent of the world's fresh water.

 講解：E  

1、原文正確。全局劃線必考邏輯。主干就是rivers drain into Siberia's Lake，后面插入語優(yōu)先向前修飾貝加爾湖，后面第二個more than是一個同位語就近修飾water，所以原文都是在表達(dá)水量的問題，沒有歧義。語義即為：超過300多個河流流入到占世界20%的比北美大湖區(qū)加起來都還要多的淡水的貝加爾湖。

2、 B選項with一個介詞短語，后面是that非限定性定語從句就近修飾water，真正主句是Siberia's Lake Baikal has more than 300 rivers that drain into it.主句里末尾的it多余，that修飾river不簡潔，且主次顛倒了，原文drain into是主干里的成分。選項C里S湖跳過插入語之后又來一個主語it，倆主語錯；than后all that of不簡潔，且that of指代其實是模糊的。D項原文沒有while這層關(guān)系，人為添加，邏輯錯。且into it里的it也是無指代的，多余。

3、E項雖然結(jié)構(gòu)很正確，但E選項表達(dá)的邏輯語義重心是不對的，先來一句，比五大湖加起來都還要多，那是什么加起來還要多？水量還是面積？其實是不明確的，所以原文語義沒有問題，就不要輕易改變重心，邏輯肯定會變。

三、The cottontail rabbit population in Orange County, California, has increased unchecked in recent years as a result of the removal of the native fox population and the clearing of surrounding woodlands.   

(A) years as a result of the removal of

(B) years as a result of removing

(C) years, resulting from the removing of

(D) years, which is a result of removing

(E) years, which is a result of the removal of

講解：A  

1、主干是 population has increased in recent years，那兔子增加的原因是什么呢？是移除本地狐貍種群和清理周圍的林地這兩個原因，所以原文the removal of和未劃線部分的the removal of平行，兩個名詞短語平行，有自己的名詞形式用自己的名詞形式，原文沒問題。

2、B項of后面removing和后面的the clearing of不平行。C選項的狀語表伴隨或結(jié)果邏輯語義都不對。

3、D,E可以排除，which就近修飾years語義錯。

四、Roughly twice each century the planet Venus passes between the Earth and the Sun, an occasion known as a transit of Venus, during which it makes the outline of the planet visible in stark relief.

A. during which it makes the outline of the planet

B. during which the outline of the planet becomes

C. so that it makes the outline of the planet

D. such that during which the of the planet becomes

E. such that the outline of the planet becomes

講解：B

1、主干是planet Venus passes between .. and ...后面是一個介詞短語修飾，during which按照語義來講應(yīng)該跳躍修飾transit，因為按照邏輯語義來講，不可能是在金星中間輪廓變明顯，所以應(yīng)該是during which 應(yīng)該修飾transit。行星金星大約每世紀(jì)經(jīng)過地球和太陽之間兩次，在這個期間，她的輪廓變得清晰可見。 原文it多余，所以B沒問題。

2、C項前后沒有一個強(qiáng)烈的因果關(guān)系，it無指代。 D,E里such that措辭不對，不是表舉例的意思，并且such that后面接during which無意義，所以修飾正確和邏輯合理的就是B。

五、In laboratory rats, a low dose of aspirin usually suffices to block production of thromboxane, which is a substance that promotes blood clotting, but not seriously interfering with the production of prostacyclin, which prevents clotting.  

(A) which is a substance that promotes blood clotting, but not seriously interfering

(B) a substance that promotes blood clotting, but not seriously interfering

(C) a substance that promotes blood clotting, but does not seriously interfere

(D) which is a substance to promote blood clotting, but does not seriously interfere

(E) which is a substance that promotes blood clotting, but not a serious interference

講解：C

1、此題關(guān)鍵是要明白suffices應(yīng)該是和interfere平行，而不是promotes和interfere平行。整體的結(jié)構(gòu)也就是： svo , 插入語 ，but  v ，修飾。所以語義來講，也應(yīng)該是aspirin 足以阻斷血栓烷的產(chǎn)生，但又不干擾前列腺的這個產(chǎn)物。

2、原文but前后不平行，which定語從句修飾沒問題；看到B選項之后提示你了，同位語從句優(yōu)選，但是but前后動詞不平行。D里不是物質(zhì)去promotes，措辭沒有定語從句修飾來的清晰。E項里but前后也不平行，interference名詞后跟with短語，邏輯語義不對：但不是一個伴隨著前列腺環(huán)素的產(chǎn)生的干擾？

以上，希望大家穩(wěn)定好心態(tài)，考出好成績！

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