獲取方案

準(zhǔn)備好了嗎？那就開始吧！

文章：

….A manufacturer’s fixed costs and “sunk costs” (original capital investment in the physical plant) do not decrease when production declines due to inadequate supplies of raw materials, problems on the factory floor, or inefficient sales networks. Consequently, potential economies of scale are based on the physical and engineering characteristics of the production facilities—that is, on tangible capital—but realized economies of scale are operational and organizational, and depend on knowledge, skills, experience, and teamwork—that is, on organized human capabilities, or intangible capital.

The importance of investing in intangible capital becomes obvious when one looks at what happens in new capital-intensive manufacturing industries. Such industries are quickly dominated, not by the first firms to acquire technologically sophisticated plants of theoretically optimal size, but rather by the first to exploit the full potential of such plants. Once some firms achieve this, a market becomes extremely hard to enter. Challengers must construct comparable plants and do so after the first movers have already worked out problems with suppliers or with new production processes. Challengers must create distribution networks and marketing systems in markets where first movers have all the contacts and know-how. And challengers must recruit management teams to compete with those that have already mastered these functional and strategic activities.

題目：

In the context of the passage as a whole, the second paragraph serves primarily to

A. provide an example to support the argument presented in the first paragraph

B. evaluate various strategies discussed in the first paragraph

C. introduce evidence that undermines the argument presented in the first paragraph

D. anticipate possible objections to the argument presented in the first paragraph

E. demonstrate the potential dangers of a commonly used strategy

首先通讀全文。段落之間作用題：閱讀定位段的首句 + 前一段的末句。然后判斷是遞進(jìn)、轉(zhuǎn)折、解釋說明

文章：

….A manufacturer’s fixed costs and “sunk costs” (original capital investment in the physical plant) do not decrease when production declines due to inadequate supplies of raw materials, problems on the factory floor, or inefficient sales networks. Consequently, potential economies of scale are based on the physical and engineering characteristics of the production facilities—that is, on tangible capital—but realized economies of scale are operational and organizational, and depend on knowledge, skills, experience, and teamwork—that is, on organized human capabilities, or intangible capital. （核心意思：經(jīng)濟(jì)規(guī)模潛力是基于tangible capital, 但是要去實(shí)現(xiàn)經(jīng)濟(jì)規(guī)模的話靠的intangible capital。）

The importance of investing in intangible capital becomes obvious when one looks at what happens in new capital-intensive manufacturing industries. （投資intangible capital的重要性顯而易見當(dāng)…） Such industries are quickly dominated, not by the first firms to acquire technologically sophisticated plants of theoretically optimal size, but rather by the first to exploit the full potential of such plants. Once some firms achieve this, a market becomes extremely hard to enter. Challengers must construct comparable plants and do so after the first movers have already worked out problems with suppliers or with new production processes. Challengers must create distribution networks and marketing systems in markets where first movers have all the contacts and know-how. And challengers must recruit management teams to compete with those that have already mastered these functional and strategic activities.

分析：

通過分析首段末句和第二段首句，可以看出末句是最終在強(qiáng)調(diào)是intangible capital。第二段首句緊接著就在講intangible capital的重要性，后面的內(nèi)容就進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)介紹。因此從遞進(jìn)、轉(zhuǎn)折、解釋說明這三個(gè)角度來看，遞進(jìn)（進(jìn)一步地闡述…）的作用就比較明顯了。那么接下來看選項(xiàng)。

選項(xiàng)：動(dòng)詞可以輔助我們排除答案。再結(jié)合我們學(xué)習(xí)到過的細(xì)節(jié)部分內(nèi)容的排除法。

題目：

In the context of the passage as a whole, the second paragraph serves primarily to

A. provide an example（舉例） to support（支持；與遞進(jìn)的關(guān)系一致） the argument presented in the first paragraph

B. evaluate（評(píng)估：過于明確） various strategies（無(wú)中生有） discussed in the first paragraph（排除）

C. introduce（引入：沒有問題）evidence that undermines（削弱與遞進(jìn)相反） the argument presented in the first paragraph

D. anticipate（預(yù)測(cè)：沒有問題） possible objections（反對(duì)與遞進(jìn)相反） to the argument presented in the first paragraph

E. demonstrate（展示；沒有問題） the potential dangers（無(wú)中生有） of a commonly used strategy

那么通過對(duì)上面文章和題干的分析。我們簡(jiǎn)單地總結(jié)一下這種功能題的做法：

段落之間的關(guān)系一定要在保證全文已經(jīng)通讀的情況，再詳細(xì)閱讀定位段落首句以及前一段的末句。并且在題干中運(yùn)用動(dòng)詞（正負(fù)向關(guān)系）以及后面細(xì)節(jié)內(nèi)容進(jìn)行快速排除。

這種題型并不難，但是需要練習(xí)至熟練，并且做到能夠快速解題才是目標(biāo)。